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It's
best to take a mixture of different baits with you on your
trip including both fresh and artificial as the success
of a bait is not only subject to the preference of the fish
and species of fish biting on the day but it is also fair
to say that the weather conditions and terrain will also
dramatically affect your choice....but that's another story.
However, in terms of fish preference we hope we can help
you here with this quick reference guide to the diet of
each of Britain's favoured species.
| BASS
feeding
over rough ground will eat Crabs, Prawns and
small fish. In the estuaries they'll eat small flatfish,
Peeler Crabs and Sandeels. The large fish will
eat smaller Bass, Whiting and Eels. |
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Artificial
bait - Bass
are quite happy to take lures, try spinnerbaits such as
an Abu Toby
, the
Dexter Wedge or
jointed plugs such
as the
Storm Chug Bug or
Rapala
J13. You can also use softbodied
shads such as the Storm Wildeye Casting
Shad or a white or a black Redgill
eel. Specific bass lures have been designed in recent
times called bass bullets.
Fresh bait rig - choose
a basic one hook paternoster rig with 20lb mono line as
the main body of the rig and a 15lb mono hook length or
invisible fluorocarbon hook length such as Berkeley Vanish
Line. You'll need a weak link to your lead
as in the rotten bottom formation and at the end of the
hook length use a Mustad
Viking 79515 between size 1/O and 5/O. A Kamasan B940 Aberdeen can be used for worm baits or a
wide gape Circle hook for crab baits.
and don't forget to use the correct rating of swivel
for your intended catch.
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| BLACK
BREAM feed
over rough ground. They enjoy Shellfish which they
often prise from the rocks but will also take Sandeels,
Lugworm, Ragworm, Squid, Cuttlefish
and Mackerel cut into strips. |
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Artificial
bait - Baited
Mackerel Feathers which are kept
moving especially with a short, sharp movement once in a
while to attract their attention. Bream take a moving bait
more readily than a static one.
Fresh bait rig - choose
a two to three hook paternoster rig with 25lb mono line
as the main body of the rig with a 10-15lb mono hook length.
You'll need a weak link to your lead
as in the rotten bottom formation and a small hook as the
Bream have small mouths. Keep the hook size to a Mustad
Aberdeen 3261BLN size 2 to 4 or upto a size 1/O
from the boat. If fishing from the shore a bait
clip rigged just next to each of the junctions on
the rig will allow you to clip the alternate baited hooks
to the centre of the rig streamlining your rig for extra
casting distance and keeping your bait intact. You will
see a clipped rig setup on our 'Rigs'
page.
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| BRILL
feed on
Ragworm or Lugworm as favourites with Sandeel,
Squid, Crab and Mackerel also being good
baits singularly or as a cocktail. |
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Artificial
bait - use
a baited attractor spoon
rig with a watch lead. This will
have the effect of stirring up the sand as it drifts and
will work effectively in catching their attention. Use the
added attraction of beads
for colour and charm.
Fresh bait rig - from
the shore I'd always use
the baited spoon rig with 20lb
mono as the main rig body and a 15lb mono hook length ending
in a small Mustad Aberdeen 3261BLN
hook keeping
the size down to 1/O or 2/O.
Use an attractor spoon and watch
lead as in the normal spoon rig setup with plenty
of beads for added attraction and
baited with a strip of mackerel or sandeel. A bait
clip will help you to cast that extra distance from
the shore and the use of a boom should
reduce tangles if you are fishing more than one hook. From
the boat you could use the heavier Kamasan
B940 hook in a bigger size than from the shore with
just enough weight of lead to keep
your bait on the seabed or in fact a grip
lead should you be uptiding.
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| COALFISH
(also known as Saithe, Coley or Pollock spelled with an 'o')
are
mid water feeders and their diet is mainly of fish such as
Sandeels, Gobies, small Mackerel and
Herring, Squid or Ragworm |
Artificial
bait - choose
large redgills, jellyworms,
pirks, muppets,
spinnerbaits or feathers
with a fast retrieval over the wrecks. In fact anything you
would use for Pollack can be used for Coalfish.
Fresh bait rig - start
with a 40lb mono main line for your rig with a single hook
length of 25lb Amnesia Clear or maybe even braid to
increase the feel for a bite in deep water.
Then attach a
Mustad Aberdeen 3261BLN size 3/O to
6/O together with a Mustad
Viking 79510 Pennel hook
in the pennel rig formation and bait this setup with a strip
of mackerel or 5/6 ragworm. It may also be a good idea to
use some coloured beads above the hook
for added visual attraction. At the other end of the hook
length tie the appropriate strength swivel.
Now taking your main line thread a French boom
or zip slider on to the line, then
a few beads and then attach the end of the line to your hook
length swivel. Finally attach your lead
to the boom with a rotten bottom link. This is called the
flying collar rig and is the standard Pollack fishing setup.
From the shore, although spinning is probably the most popular
method here, you could try float fishing.
Use just enough drillet bullet lead
beneath the float so that just the coloured tip is showing
above the water. Use a lighter line than for boat fishing
such as 8lb to 12lb clear mono line with a mid sized Mustad
Aberdeen 3261BLN
hook baited with a Sandeel or small ragworm. |
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| COD
will
eat just about any food which they are capable of eating.
Small Cod eat Shrimps mainly but as they get larger
will take Lugworm, Ragworm, Sandeels,
Squid, Mussel, Peeler Crab, Razorfish,
and other smaller fish. Mackerel works very
well and they will even eat Codling. Cod like big bait
and use scent to find food! |
Artificial
bait - choose
large pirks, feathers,
spoons, worms,
Redgill eels , coloured cod feathers, and shads.
A key point to remember when presenting your bait is that
it should lay on or only a few feet above the sea floor.
Fresh bait rig - choose
a rotten bottom rig to your lead as
the seabed offers many snags and combine this with a pennel
rig to allow you to fish a large bait. If you are uptiding
from the boat you will need to use the boat casting rig with
a 6oz to 8oz fixed wire grip
lead. For the rig use 50lb to 60lb mono line with
a 30lb to 50lb mono hook length. If you are targeting codling
you can reduce this to a 20lb to 25lb hook length. Hook size
depends on the size of bait you are fishing and the size of
Cod you are after but a Mustad
Aberdeen 3261BLN would serve you well or a wide gape
Circle hook for bulky baits. From the
boat try a Mustad Viking 79515
sizes 4/O to 6/O together with a Mustad
Viking 79510 Pennel hook in the pennel rig formation
with 40lb mono hook lengths. |
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| CONGER,
smaller
Conger will eat Crabs, Worms, small Rockling
although as the Eels get larger they have a mainly fish diet
of species such as Mackerel, Pouting, Whiting,
Pollack and Codling. As the Eels become exceptionally
large as is the case in the offshore wrecks, they will also
eat Octopus on top of their mainly fish diet. |
Artificial
bait - best
to only use artificial bait when you are seeking small Conger
from the shore. In this case use artificial worms,
lures and jointed
plugs.
Fresh bait rig - use a tough
rig as you will be fishing for this monster over rough ground
or wrecks and your tackle may even be dragged through rocky
holes and hollows by the Conger once it has been hooked.
For shore fishing try the pulley rig using Mustad
Viking 79515 hooks anything up to a size 6/0 or a
4/O to 6/O O'Shaughnessy 3406
hook. Use a 50lb to 60lb shock leader and a 50lb to
75lb mono hook length depending on how rocky the ground is,
and an equally strong size 6 swivel.
You may also wish to use a bait clip
for more control whilst casting.
For wreck or reef fishing, the running ledger rig would be
better but with the lead on a rotten
bottom setup and running free on the main line via a swivel
or boom. Use up to a size
10/O O'Shaughnessy hook with strong size
4/O swivel adjoining a strong trace such as a 50lb
wire trace or 200lb to 250lb mono trace in order to withstand
the beating which the line will take around rock. |
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| DAB
have
quite a varied diet. Shrimps, Worms, Shellfish
such as Crab,
remaining fish scraps,
and occasionally live fish such as Sandeels. |
Artificial
bait - use
a baited attractor spoon
rig with plenty of colourful beads
and a watch lead to create extra movement
and interest as Dab, like most flatfish, are inquisitive and
respond well to this effect.
Fresh bait rig - You can
use the baited spoon rig as described above in a three hook
paternoster formation reducing this to two hooks for distance
casting. Using 20lb line as the main rig body and 15lb mono
hook lengths ending in small Mustad Aberdeen
3261BLN hooks, no bigger than size 1/O and preferably
smaller. The heavier Kamasan
B940 for boat fishing would serve you well on Amnesia
20lb hook length with just enough lead
to keep your bait on the seabed. A bait clip
will help you to cast that extra distance and keep your bait
intact and the use of a boom between
hook lengths should reduce tangles. |
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| FLOUNDER
are
particularly fond of Crab or Mussels although
the younger fish will take Lugworms and Ragworms,
Cockles and Shrimps. You could also try Sandeels
and definitely have a go with Razorfish in the winter
months. |
Artificial
bait - use
a baited attractor spoon
rig with a watch lead. This will have
the effect of stirring up the sand as it drifts and will work
effectively in catching their attention. Use the added attraction
of beads for colour
and charm.
Fresh bait rig - the spoon
rig setup as described above should work effectively here
with a fresh bait on the hook and try rigging two of these
spoon setups in the two hook paternoster formation although
the use of a boom would then be advisable
to spread the hooks and avoid tangles. Use 12lb mono line
as the main body of your rig with 15lb to 20lb mono hook lengths
ending in a Mustad Viking 79515 size
2 hook for rigging shellfish or a Kamasan Aberdeen
size 2 or Mustad 3261BLN Aberdeen
size 2 for worm baits. A Cox and Rawle Crab
Hook or the popular wide gape Circle
hooks are well suited for crab baits. |
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| GARFISH,
try
thinly cut strips of Mackerel, Herring, Pollack,
Squid or Pout or meat from the butchers
with plenty of good blood content. Small prey such as Sprats
and Sandeels |
Artificial
bait - spoon Spinners
are a great lure for Garfish such as Mepps
or Rublex Ondex. If high winds hinder
casting choose the heavier weights such as a Dexter
Wedge or Abu Toby.
Silver is the best colour although red with flashes of silver
should also be effective. You could also try brightly coloured
feathers often
used for Mackerel.
Fresh bait rig - try a
slim float rig with fresh bait targeting
the middle level. Place just enough drilled
bullet lead beneath the float to keep it low in the
water with just the coloured tip showing and allow the baited
hook to fall slowly in the water. Garfish are usually small
specimens and so a 4lb mono main line with a Mustad
Aberdeen 3261 BLN size 6 or 4 hook should be sufficient.
You could scatter some groundbait too to get them feeding. |
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| HADDOCK,
the
larger fish eat
Mackerel and Herring, Lugworm, Mussels,
Crabs
and the occasional Sandeel. |
Artificial
bait - will go for feathers,
jellyworms,
pirks, spoons,
Redgill eels and
shads. Your
bait should be presented only a few feet off the seabed.
Fresh bait rig - a mid
sized rig such as those designed for Cod fishing should work
well for you. You'll need a rotten bottom link to the lead
as Haddock will be found over rough ground and a pennel setup
will allow you to fish a larger bait and cover all angles
from which they may bite it. If you are uptiding from the
boat you will need to use the boat casting rig with a 6oz
to 8oz fixed wire grip lead. For the rig use 50lb
mono to 60lb mono line with a 35lb mono hook length. Hook
size depends on the size of bait you are fishing and the size
of Haddock you are after but a Mustad
Aberdeen 3261BLN would serve you well in most situations
or from the boat try a Mustad Viking 79515
sizes 4/O to 6/O together
with a Mustad Viking 79510 Pennel hook
in the pennel rig formation
with a 40lb mono hook length. |
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| HERRING
eat
mainly
Crustaceans, Shrimps and small fish such as
Sandeels. |
Artificial
bait - Herring
respond very similarly to Mackerel when it comes to artificial
lures. Brightly coloured Feathers such
as red, pink or white or small spinnerbaits such as an
Abu Toby
, Mepps
or Rublex Ondex in silver and softbodied
shads such as the Storm Wildeye Casting Shad.
Fresh bait rig - as
with Mackerel a fresh bait rig barely exists for Herring as
they are so easily caught on artificial baits that there's
not much point in trying anything else but if you would prefer
to find them this way then try a slim float
rig with 5lb mono line and a Mustad
Aberdeen 3261BLN hook in a small size and then baited
with a single Sandeel. |
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| LING
eat
mainly other fish such as Codling, Whiting,
Pollack, Coalfish, Mackerel, Herring and smaller
Ling |
Artificial
bait - for this species try
pirks and for an even better effect bait the hooks
with a whole Mackerel to really attract the fish.
Fresh bait rig - the rig
to be used for Ling is the same as for Conger. A pulley rig
inshore and from the boat a two hook with sliding lead. A
rotten bottom link to the lead is a must over the rough terrain.
Use a tough setup with 75lb
mono and a 50lb mono hook length ending in a Mustad
Viking 79515 size 3/O to 4/O hook.
For wreck or reef fishing, use 75lb mono with a 150lb mono
hook length for
really big Ling so as to withstand their teeth. Alternatively
you could use a wire
trace and strong Mustad OShaughnessy
size 6/O to 10/O hook depending on the size of your bait.
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| MACKEREL
is
a predatory fish which eat Fish eggs, Crustaceans,
Sandeels, Sprats and other Small fish
even their own species. |
Artificial
bait - Mackerel respond well to brightly coloured
Feathers such as red, pink or white
but it depends on what will provide the biggest contrast in
the water on the day. Small spinnerbaits such as an Abu Toby or Mepps
in silver will always take Mackerel when it passes through
the shoal. The softbodied Storm Wildeye Casting
Shad is also frequently successful.
Fresh bait rig - a fresh
bait rig for Mackerel barely exists as Mackerel are so easily
caught on artificial baits that there's not much point in
trying anything else but if you would prefer to find them
this way then try a slim float rig
with 5lb mono line and a Mustad
Aberdeen 3261BLN hook in a small size and baited with
a Sandeel. |
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| MULLET
(thick lipped) is
the most common variety which anglers fish for and they tend
to feed on the plant life and plankton which lives on the
bottom in shallower waters. They also like to feed on Insect
larvae (try Maggots), Worms, Snails and
other Crustaceans. You could try Ragworm, Mussels,
Bread, Bacon rind and Groundbait is almost
a must either in a slow release feeder or just scattered to
get the fish feeding. |
Artificial
bait - Use artificial bait mainly for the Thin
Lipped Mullet variety as they prefer a moving bait and an
attractor spoon added to your rig
or small
Mepps spinner may
bring you more success.
Fresh bait rig - use a
single small but strong Mustad
Aberdeen 3261BLN hook
size 4 or smaller fished on the bottom or at a mid level using
a slim float rig with a comfortable
amount of drilled bullet lead rigged
just beneath the float. Beneath the lead attach a swivel and
then from this attach your hook length of 5lb clear line such
as Berkeley Vanish as this fish is naturally wary of any disturbances
and visible line will scare them off. Best to use groundbait
to get them feeding and then introduce your bait slowly so
that it falls gently to the bottom. |
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| PLAICE
like
Shellfish particularly Razorfish, Crabs
and Sand Clams but will also eat Sandeels, Mackerel,
Herring, Lugworm, Ragworm, Shrimp
and Squid. |
Artificial
bait - at the right spot you should get a result
with the usual flattie setup incorporating an attractor
spoon leading to a baited hook with beads
for added attraction and a watch lead
to stir up the sand as it drifts.
Fresh bait rig - when
fishing for this species it is very similar to fishing for
Flounder as they are equally inquisitive creatures and react
well to the flash of the spoon
on a spoon rig with a trailing watch
lead stirring up the sand to also grab their attention.
Use a Mustad Aberdeen 3261BLN
or Eagle Claw Circle Flatty Hook keeping
the hook size down to a
size 1 to 2/0 although from the boat you could increase the
size slightly. Try a 50lb mono main line with the hook length
being roughly 10lb to 15lb clear mono.
If you want to fish more than one hook on a paternoster formation
try a boom to keep the baits apart
and reduce tangles. |
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| POLLACK
(known as Callig in the Isle of Man), Sandeels
are great bait for Pollack, with the larger Pollack
also taking small Whiting, Cod,
Pollack, Coalfish, Rockling,
Mackerel and King Ragworm. |
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Artificial
bait - try a fluttering bait effect on a long
trace using Redgill eels
or
jellyworms
such as the Rippletail Wiggler jellyworm
especially red for clear water and plain white in murkier
waters. Pirks,
Muppets or Feathers
also work well especially baited feathers and softbodied
Shad lures such as the Storm Wildeye
Casting Shad or deep diving plugs such as the Rapala
Deep Down Husky. From the shore you can try spinning
with a 1oz silver Abu Toby, Dexter
Wedge or Mepps lure.
Fresh bait rig - start
with a 40lb mono main line for your rig with a single hook
length of 25lb Amnesia Clear or maybe even braid to
increase the feel for a bite in deep water.
Then attach a
Mustad Aberdeen 3261BLN size 3/O
to 6/O together with a Mustad
Viking 79510 Pennel hook
in the pennel rig formation and bait this setup with a strip
of mackerel or 5/6 ragworm. It may also be a good idea to
use some coloured beads above the
hook for added visual attraction. At the other end of the
hook length tie the appropriate strength swivel.
Now taking your main line, thread a French
boom or zip slider on to
the line, then a few beads and then attach the end of the
line to your hook length swivel. Finally attach your lead
to the boom with a rotten bottom link. This is called the
flying collar rig and is the standard Pollack fishing setup.
From the shore, although spinning is probably the most popular
method here, you could try float
fishing. Use just enough drillet bullet lead
beneath the float so that just the coloured tip is showing
above the water. Use a lighter line than for boat fishing
such as 8lb to 12lb clear mono line with a mid sized Mustad
Aberdeen 3261BLN
hook baited with a Sandeel or small ragworm.
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| TOPE
eat
mainly slow swimming small fish such as Codling, Pouting,
Whiting and Dabs. Will also occasionally eat
Sandeel, Squid and Shellfish such as
small Crabs and Lobster. Strips of Mackerel
and Herring work well as bait. |
Artificial
bait - not the best bait for Tope fishing although
if any, I'd try a pirk but probably
best to stick to fresh bait and strong tackle!
Fresh bait rig - Best
to go for a running ledger rig with bomb shaped
lead and you'll need a strong tackle setup using a
60lb to 80lb mono line ending in a size
6/O swivel followed by a 50lb wire trace to withstand
the teeth attempting to bite through the line. Then attach
a strong hook such as a Mustad Viking 79515
size 6/O hook or Mustad O'Shaughnessy
size 6/O to 8/O bronze hook. Cox and Rawle
Uptides in size 4/O and 6/O are also good strong hooks
for this purpose. |
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| WHITING
are
a member of the Cod family although their diet does not involve
hoovering up the sea to the same extent as Cod but Black
lug, Mackerel, Herring, Sandeel,
Sprat, Mussels, Shrimps or Squid
work well. |
Artificial
bait - try baited mackerel feathers
to imitate a shoal effect.
Fresh bait rig -
a three hook paternoster rig
with a boom between hook lengths to avoid tangles. Good hooks to use for
Whiting are the Mustad Viking or Aberdeen hooks
in sizes 1 upto 2/O or a similar size in the Cox
and Rawle Uptide hook. Although Whiting are usually
found over sand or soft mud and so a tough trace and rotten
bottom link to the lead is not necessary
to withstand sharp rocks and snags, Whiting do have sharp
teeth and so the hook length will still need to be of 20lb
to 25lb mono to withstand bites as the fish attempt to free
themselves. Use 12lb to 20lb mono as the main line and a bait
clip would be wise here to help you cast that extra
distance by keeping your rig streamlined. |
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| WRASSE,
(Ballan, Cuckoo) eat
mainly Shellfish especially rock dwelling Shellfish but
also Mussels, Crab and may also eat Sandeels,
Ragworm, Lugworm and small fish. However,
any bait could work with Wrasse as they are keen feeders and
find most baits attractive. |
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Artificial
bait - not often successful with Wrasse, they
prefer fresh bait but if you want to give it a go the Wrasse
which are mostly like to take it are the larger specimens.
Try a Jellyworm
or Redgill eel.
Fresh bait rig - as
Wrasse are quite strong and powerful fish with sharp teeth,
go for a Mustad Viking 79515 size
2/O to 4/O hook. Use strong tackle as they live amongst
rough ground and weeds. A ledger rig works well here using
a 25lb
mono line with the lead attached
to the end on a rotten bottom setup and a length of 15lb
mono leading to a hook attached from the main line at a
position approximately 2 feet above the lead. You can use
the same setup in deeper water but increase the main line
to 50lb mono with a 30lb mono hook length.
You could also try a
small cigar float rig from the shore
with drilled
bullet lead beneath it being just heavy enough to
hold the float so far under the water that just
the coloured tip is
visible. The main line should come to a halt just beneath
the lead where you can attach a size
6 swivel and
from this your 20lb mono hook length. Finally end
this setup in a strong hook such as a Mustad
Viking 79515 in sizes 1/O to 4/O but ultimately
matching your bait size.
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